The method of analysis of the architecture of the trees (or method Archi) allows to diagnose both developmental anomalies (deviations from normal), both the process of resilience (recovery of normal conditions) of the trees. It is based on four principles.** The principle of the reference sequences **The development of a tree is characterized by a continuous change of operation of meristems, which induces a progressive change in its architecture". The morphological-structural analysis allows to subdivide this development in stages, and then to establish an ordered sequence of morphological events that mark the life of the shaft. Each species has its own sequence, and this can be taken as a reference to describe an optimal development.This approach differs from the notion of "reference tree" that use the forest as a "normal tree" for soil conditions, climatic and typological forest of a given location. With such a definition, the risk is to have a number of "trees of reference" equal to the number of stands, stations or stages of development, and this can have a large and distort the diagnosis of the conditions of the forests.With the concept of "reference sequence", in contrast, it is considered an endogenous component of the development, independent of the influence on the environment. This principle allows to distinguish the deteriorations, diverse and often temporary, aging and senescence, the final phase and inevitable development. A decay of the peaks, for example (the death of the ends of the branches and the appearance inside the foliage of many branches epicormic) is a possible case of decay reversible. In contrast, a progressive depletion of branching, with forks that more and more are reduced over time, reflecting the natural aging of an adult tree which becomes ripe.** The principle of botanical diversity **Each species has unique botanical characteristics, to be taken into account by the method ARCHES.In the case of oak (pedunculate, sessile and pubescent), stand out "architectural units" with normal branching and "architectural units" with ramifications impoverished. An "architectural unity", or UA, architecture elementary tree. The first is at the origin of the trunk, subsequent derive one from the other by means of recurrence and form the crown.Along a main branch, each U.A. repeated is delimited by two successive forks. The main axis of 'U.A. A1 is indicated